sudo apt install texlive-full fonts-wqy-microhei

cat << EOF > hello-world.tex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage[mathletters]{ucs}
\usepackage{xltxtra,fontspec,xunicode}
\usepackage[slantfont,boldfont]{xeCJK}

\setCJKmainfont{WenQuanYi Micro Hei}   % 设置缺省中文字体
\setCJKmonofont{WenQuanYi Micro Hei Mono}   % 设置等宽字体
\setmainfont{DejaVu Serif}   % 英文衬线字体
\setmonofont{Ubuntu Mono}   % 英文等宽字体

\title{世界，你好！}

\begin{document}
Hello world \LaTeX

你好，世界！

The vorticity $ω$ is defined as $ω = ∇ × u$.

\url{https://linuxconfig.org}
\end{document}
EOF

xelatex hello-world.tex
xreader hello-world.pdf

sudo apt install pandoc
pandoc -s -o hello-world.html hello-world.tex

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
Let: $$
ss_{xy} = \sum(x_i - \bar x) (y_i - \bar y)
$$
\end{document}

\documentclass[UTF8]{ctexart}
\title{石頭記}
\author{曹雪芹}
\date{\today}
\begin{document}
\heiti
\maketitle
\begin{center}
\kaishu
滿紙荒唐言\\
\songti
一把辛酸淚\\
\fangsong
都雲作者癡\\
誰解其中味\\
\end{center}
\end{document}

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{xeCJK}
% I supposed that you do have these fonts mentioned below.
\setCJKmainfont[BoldFont={SimHei},ItalicFont={[SIMKAI.TTF]}] {SimSun}
\setCJKsansfont{SimHei}
\setCJKmonofont{[SIMFANG.TTF]}
\setCJKfamilyfont{zhsong}{SimSun}
\setCJKfamilyfont{zhhei}{SimHei}
\setCJKfamilyfont{zhkai}{[SIMKAI.TTF]}
\setCJKfamilyfont{zhfs}{[SIMFANG.TTF]}
\newcommand*{\songti}{\CJKfamily{zhsong}} % 宋体
\newcommand*{\heiti}{\CJKfamily{zhhei}}   % 黑体
\newcommand*{\kaishu}{\CJKfamily{zhkai}}  % 楷书
\newcommand*{\fangsong}{\CJKfamily{zhfs}} % 仿宋
\title{Test}
\author{zhulongsheng(11291065@bjtu.edu.cn)}
\date{2014/01/28}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\today
\section{第一}
这是第一段
\heiti
\section{第二}
\kaishu
这是第二段
\subsection{Goal}
这是
\LaTeX
\end{document}

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{CJK}

\title{Demo Article}
\author{Li Chao}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{CJK*}{GBK}{kai}
关于示例文档的一些说明。
\end{CJK*}
\end{document}

\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\title{…}
\author{Li Chao}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}
\maketitle
% Insert content here
\end{document}

sudo apt-get install texlive-xetex texlive-latex-extra
fc-list :outline -f "%{family}\n"   # 得到下文用到的可用字体名称
cat << EOF > stone.tex
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{xltxtra,fontspec,xunicode}
\usepackage[slantfont,boldfont]{xeCJK} % 允许斜体和粗体

\setCJKmainfont{WenQuanYi Micro Hei}   % 设置缺省中文字体
\setCJKmonofont{WenQuanYi Micro Hei Mono}   % 设置等宽字体
\setmainfont{DejaVu Serif}   % 英文衬线字体
\setmonofont{Ubuntu Mono}   % 英文等宽字体

\title{石頭記}
\author{曹雪芹}
\date{}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{center}
滿紙荒唐言\\
一把辛酸淚\\
都雲作者癡\\
誰解其中味\\
\end{center}

\end{document}
EOF
xelatex stone.tex
evince stone.pdf

$ locate nameref
/usr/share/doc/texlive-doc/latex/hyperref/nameref.pdf
/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/hyperref/nameref.sty

dpkg: error processing archive texmaker_ubuntu_14.04_4.5_amd64.deb (--install):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/share/texmaker/texmaker_se.qm', which is also in package texmaker-data 4.1-1
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 texmaker_ubuntu_14.04_4.5_amd64.deb

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lyx-devel/release
sudo apt update
sudo apt install lyx
sudo apt-get install latex-cjk-all